Installing a Deck - Framing and Decking
Build a timber deck with solid framing and clean board layout. This guide covers planning, footings, framing, decking, and finishing.
Plan the deck and check rules
Confirm permit rules and setbacks. Choose deck size and height, and decide if it will be attached or freestanding.
Call 811 before digging.
Lay out the footprint
Set batter boards outside the deck corners and run string lines. Square the layout with the 3-4-5 method.
Keep batter boards at least 2 ft outside the dig area.
Dig and pour footings
Dig to frost depth and add a gravel base. Set tube forms and pour concrete. Set post anchors while the concrete is wet.
Call for a footing inspection before pouring if required.
Set posts and install beams
Install posts in standoff bases and plumb them. Build beams from double boards and set them on the posts.
Crown beams up before fastening.
Install a ledger if attached
If the deck attaches to the house, remove siding and install a flashed ledger with structural screws. Skip this step for freestanding decks.
Never install a ledger over siding or foam.
Frame the perimeter
Install rim joists to form the deck outline. Square the frame by checking both diagonals.
Square the frame before you hang joists.
Hang joists and add blocking
Install joists at 16 in on center using hangers. Add blocking at mid span if required.
Fill every hanger hole with the correct nails.
Apply joist tape
Apply butyl joist tape to all joists and rims to reduce rot.
Press tape tight at seams and trim flush.
Install deck boards
Lay boards with consistent spacing. Snap a chalk line to keep the run straight. Cut the overhang in one pass and seal cut ends.
Use hidden fasteners if you want a clean surface.
Finish and protect
Install fascia and railings if required. Let pressure treated lumber dry before staining.
If the deck is over 30 in high, add a code compliant guardrail.
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Safety & Legal Disclaimer
This guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional engineering, architectural, or contractor advice. Building codes vary by jurisdiction — always verify local requirements, obtain all required permits, and consult a licensed contractor or structural engineer before beginning any construction project. Aribuilds makes no warranty as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability of this information for any particular project. Use of this guide is at your own risk. Aribuilds accepts no liability for personal injury, property damage, structural failure, or code violations.
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